Ifumbire mvaruganda ikoreshwa mu gutunganya ifumbire mvaruganda ni inzira ikoreshwa mu mishinga minini cyangwa iciriritse yo gutunganya ifumbire mvaruganda. Inganda nyinshi nini zo korora zikoresha ifumbire mvaruganda nk'umutungo, cyangwa ibigo bitunganya ifumbire mvaruganda bikoresha ifumbire mvaruganda. Ibyiza by'ingenzi byo gutunganya ifumbire mvaruganda bigaragarira mu mikorere myiza iyo hatunganywa ibikoresho byinshi, bigafata ubuso buto, kandi bigafasha mu gutunganya no gutunganya cyane. Mu gutunganya ifumbire mvaruganda ikoreshwa mu gutunganya ifumbire mvaruganda, ibikoresho by'ingenzi bikoreshwa ni imashini ihindura ifumbire, imashini zisanzwe zirimo imashini zihindura ifumbire mvaruganda n'imashini zihindura ifumbire mvaruganda (zizwi kandi nka imashini zihindura ifumbire mvaruganda zihindura ifumbire mvaruganda).
Uburyo bwo gufumbira mu buryo bw'umwimerere (Through Fermentation)
Uburyo bwo gufumbira ibikomoka ku bimera n'ibimera mu gikoresho bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri:
1. icyiciro cyo gushyushya no kubora;
2. icyiciro cyo gutunganya nyuma
1. Icyiciro cyo kubira no kubora:
Icyiciro cyo guhinga no kubora byitwa kandi icyiciro cyo gutegura ifumbire. Nyuma yo gufumbira ifumbire y'inkoko, ifumbire y'inka n'indi fumbire y'amatungo bijyanwa mu ruganda rutunganya, byoherezwa mu gikoresho cyo kuvanga no kuvanga hakurikijwe uburemere cyangwa metero kibe bisabwa n'igikorwa, bivanze n'ibikoresho by'inyongera (ibyatsi, aside humic, amazi, starter), hanyuma bigahindura ikigereranyo cya karuboni na azote y'amazi y'ifumbire y'imborera hakurikijwe igipimo cy'ikwirakwizwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo, hanyuma bikinjizwa mu gikorwa gikurikira nyuma yo kuvanga.
Gushyushya mu kigega: Ohereza ibikoresho fatizo bivanze mu kigega cyo gushyushya ukoresheje icyuma gishyushya, ubishyire mu kigega cyo gushyushya, koresha umuyaga kugira ngo ushyire umwuka uva mu gikoresho cyo guhumeka kiri munsi y'ikigega cyo gushyushya uzamuka, kandi utange umwuka wa ogisijeni, kandi ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho buzazamuka mu masaha 24-48 bukagera hejuru ya dogere selisiyusi 50. Iyo ubushyuhe bw'imbere bw'ikigega cy'ibikoresho mu kigega burenze dogere selisiyusi 65, ni ngombwa gukoresha imashini ihindura imiterere y'ikigega mu kuzunguruka no kujugunya, kugira ngo ibikoresho bishobore kongera ogisijeni no gukonjesha ibikoresho mu gihe cyo kuzamura no kugwa. Niba ubushyuhe bw'imbere bw'ikigega cy'ibikoresho buri hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 50-65, zunguruka ikigega buri minsi 3, ongeramo amazi, kandi ugenzure ubushyuhe bw'ikigega kuva kuri dogere selisiyusi 50 kugeza kuri dogere selisiyusi 65, kugira ngo intego yo gushyushya ikoresheje aerobic igerweho.
Igihe cya mbere cyo gushyushya mu gikoresho ni iminsi 10-15 (biterwa n'ikirere n'ubushyuhe). Nyuma y'iki gihe, ibikoresho biba byashyushye neza kandi ibikoresho biba byarangiritse neza. Nyuma yo kubora, iyo amazi y'ibikoresho agabanutse akagera kuri 30%, ibikoresho byashyushye bikurwa mu gikoresho kugira ngo bishyirwe hamwe, hanyuma ibikoresho byakuwemo bishyirwa ahantu ho kubora kabiri kugira ngo bibore kabiri, byiteguye kwinjira mu gikorwa gikurikira.
2. Icyiciro cyo gutunganya nyuma y'ikorwa
Ifumbire mvaruganda yangiritse irashwanyaguzwa ikanashyirwa mu bubiko, hanyuma ibikoresho byashyizwe mu bubiko bitunganywa hakurikijwe ingano y'uduce tw'ibikoresho. Dukurikije ingano y'uduce, ibyo byujuje ibisabwa bikorerwamo ifu y'ifumbire mvaruganda hanyuma bigashyirwa mu bubiko kugira ngo bigurishwe, cyangwa bigakorwamo uduce duto hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya granulation, hanyuma bigashyirwa mu bubiko nyuma yo kumisha no kongeramo ibintu biciriritse n'ibito, hanyuma bigashyirwa mu bubiko kugira ngo bigurishwe.
Muri make, igikorwa cyose kirimo by'umwihariko amazi mu byatsi bishya by'ibihingwa → gusya ibikoresho byumye → kubicengeza → kuvanga (bagiteri + ifumbire y'amatungo + ibyatsi byasenyutse bivanze mu rugero) → gufumbira → Guhindura ubushyuhe Ingoma yo kureba imihindagurikire y'ubushyuhe Umuyaga, guhindukira no gutera → kugenzura ubushuhe → gusuzuma → ibicuruzwa byarangiye → gupakira → kubika.
Intangiriro y'ibikoresho byo gutunganya ifumbire y'ibinyabuzima bikomoka ku bimera
Ibikoresho byo guhindukiza no gutera bikoreshwa mu cyiciro cyo guhinga ifumbire mvaruganda ikomoka ku binyabuzima birimo cyane cyane imashini zo guhindukiza no gutera ubwoko bw'amapine n'imashini zo guhindukiza no gutera ubwoko bw'umuyoboro (zitwa kandi imashini zo guhindukiza no gutera ubwoko bw'umuyoboro). Izo moderi zombi zifite imiterere yazo, itandukaniro nyamukuru ni:
1.Ubujyakuzimu bwo guhindukira buratandukanye: ubujyakuzimu bw'ibanze bw'imashini izunguruka mu bwoko bwa groove muri rusange ntiburenze metero 1.6, mu gihe ubujyakuzimu bw'imashini izunguruka mu bwoko bwa wheel-type bushobora kugera kuri metero 2.5 kugeza kuri metero 3;
2. Ubugari (ubugari) bw'ikigega buratandukanye: ubugari busanzwe bw'imashini ihindura imiterere y'umuyoboro ni metero 3-6, mu gihe ubugari bw'ikigega cy'imashini ihindura imiterere y'umuziga bushobora kugera kuri metero 30.
Bigaragara ko niba ingano y'ibikoresho ari nini, imikorere myiza y'imashini izunguruka mu bwoko bw'amapine izaba myinshi, kandi ingano y'ubwubatsi bw'ikigega cy'ubutaka izaba nto. Muri iki gihe, gukoresha imashini izunguruka mu bwoko bw'amapine bifite ibyiza. Niba ingano y'ibikoresho ari nto, ni byiza guhitamo imashini izunguruka mu bwoko bw'umuyoboro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-04-2023
